In recent years, raw diets for pets have gained popularity among dog and cat owners who want to provide a more “natural” or “ancestral” way of feeding. Supporters believe that raw food can lead to shinier coats, healthier teeth, and more energy. However, veterinarians and pet nutritionists continue to raise concerns about the potential risks.
So what’s the truth? Are raw diets truly better—or are they dangerous? In this article, we’ll explore the benefits and risks of feeding your pet a raw diet to help you make an informed decision.
What Is a Raw Diet for Pets?
A raw diet, often referred to as BARF (Biologically Appropriate Raw Food or Bones And Raw Food), typically includes:
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Raw muscle meat (often still on the bone)
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Raw organs (like liver and kidney)
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Raw bones (never cooked)
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Raw eggs
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Fruits and vegetables
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Sometimes dairy like yogurt
Some pet owners prepare homemade raw meals, while others buy commercial raw diets—either frozen, freeze-dried, or refrigerated.
Why Do Pet Owners Choose Raw Diets?
Supporters of raw feeding believe it mimics what dogs and cats would eat in the wild. They argue that processed kibble and canned food contain unnecessary fillers, preservatives, and cooked ingredients that degrade nutritional value.
Common reasons for switching to raw include:
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Belief in a more natural and ancestral diet
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Desire for improved digestion and stool quality
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Reduction in skin allergies or sensitivities
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Healthier teeth, gums, and breath
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Enhanced energy levels and muscle tone
But are these claims backed by science? Let’s take a closer look.
Potential Benefits of Raw Diets
1. Improved Coat and Skin
Many raw-fed pets are reported to have shinier coats and healthier skin. This may be due to higher levels of natural omega-3 fatty acids found in raw meats and oils.
2. Better Dental Health
Chewing raw, meaty bones can help reduce plaque and tartar buildup, acting like a natural toothbrush. However, this benefit comes with a safety trade-off (discussed below).
3. Smaller, Firmer Stools
A raw diet typically results in smaller and less smelly stools due to fewer fillers and better nutrient absorption.
4. High Protein and Moisture Content
Raw diets are rich in protein and moisture—closer to a cat or dog’s natural dietary needs, particularly for cats, who are obligate carnivores.
Risks and Challenges of Raw Feeding
Despite the possible benefits, raw diets also come with serious health risks, especially when not handled properly.
1. Bacterial Contamination
Raw meat can harbor harmful bacteria like Salmonella, E. coli, and Listeria, which pose risks not just to pets, but also to humans in the household. In homes with children, seniors, or immunocompromised individuals, this risk is even greater.
Even if your pet shows no symptoms, they can shed these bacteria through saliva or feces.
2. Nutritional Imbalances
Homemade raw diets often lack essential nutrients like calcium, taurine, vitamin D, and omega-6 fatty acids if not carefully formulated. This can lead to:
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Bone deformities
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Heart problems (like dilated cardiomyopathy)
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Neurological issues
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Poor growth in puppies or kittens
Commercial raw diets may be more balanced but not all are regulated or tested for completeness, especially if not AAFCO-approved.
3. Bone Hazards
While raw bones are safer than cooked ones, they can still cause:
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Choking or internal blockages
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Tooth fractures
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Punctures in the digestive tract
Vets commonly treat emergencies caused by bones.
4. Lack of Scientific Evidence
While anecdotal reports are common, scientific research on raw diets is still limited. Most studies point to risks over proven health improvements. Major veterinary organizations—including the American Veterinary Medical Association (AVMA)—do not recommend raw diets due to public health concerns.
Guidelines If You Choose to Feed Raw
If you decide to feed raw despite the risks, follow these safety precautions to protect your pet and family:
✅ Work with a veterinary nutritionist.
They can design a balanced, complete meal plan to avoid deficiencies.
✅ Choose commercial raw products with AAFCO labeling.
These are more likely to be nutritionally complete and tested for safety.
✅ Practice safe food handling.
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Wash hands thoroughly
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Clean surfaces and bowls daily
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Store raw food at proper temperatures
✅ Avoid feeding weight-bearing bones.
These are more likely to break teeth. Choose soft, edible bones under supervision.
✅ Regularly monitor your pet’s health.
Do bloodwork, stool checks, and regular exams to catch any issues early.
Is a Raw Diet Right for Every Pet?
Not necessarily. Certain pets may be at higher risk of complications:
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Puppies and kittens with developing bones and immune systems
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Senior pets with weak teeth or compromised digestion
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Pets with existing health conditions (kidney, liver, pancreas)
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Pets in households with small children or immunocompromised family members
For these pets, a high-quality, cooked, and complete commercial food may be a safer and more practical option.
Alternatives to Raw Diets
If you want a less risky way to improve your pet’s diet:
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Try fresh-cooked pet food brands that use gently cooked ingredients.
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Consider freeze-dried raw that’s been processed for safety.
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Add whole-food toppers like cooked lean meat, vegetables, or bone broth to existing kibble.
You can still improve your pet’s health without going fully raw.
Final Thoughts
The truth about raw diets is this: they have both benefits and risks. While some pets may thrive on a carefully planned raw diet, the potential dangers—especially bacterial contamination and nutritional imbalances—cannot be ignored.
If you’re interested in raw feeding, educate yourself thoroughly and involve your veterinarian or a certified pet nutritionist in the process. What works well for one pet may not be suitable for another.
In the end, the goal is simple: to provide a balanced, safe, and nourishing diet that keeps your furry friend healthy and happy for years to come.